全球今热点：小暑丨骄阳似火

2022-07-07 10:02:55 来源：科普中国

“绿树阴浓夏日长，楼台倒影入池塘。”《中国天文年历》显示，7月7日10时38分迎来2022年“小暑”节气。

(资料图)

天象预报

小暑——大暑

太阳

从双子座运行至巨蟹座。目前太阳活动性增强，太阳正面有数群黑子，可通过带减光的望远镜观测。

月亮

7月14日2时38分望，这轮满月距离地球不足36万千米，是今年最大的满月，日落后又圆又大的月亮将从东南方升起，彻夜明亮。

水星

从双子座顺行至巨蟹座。7月17日4时水星上合日，不可见，之后将由晨星变为昏星。

金星

从金牛座顺行至双子座。与太阳的角距离持续减小，日出前在东方低空，肉眼可见非常明亮的金星。

火星

从双鱼座顺行至白羊座。7月22日凌晨火星合月，在中国东北部、日本、俄罗斯部分地区，还可见月掩火星。

木星

在鲸鱼座顺行。夜晚11点左右升起，后半夜至黎明前都可以观测。

土星

在摩羯座逆行。夜晚9点左右升起，至黎明前都可以观测。

小知识

“冬练三九，夏练三伏”，一年中最热的时间当属夏季的“三伏”。根据传统规定，从夏至日起，第三个庚日为初伏，第四个庚日为中伏，立秋后第一个庚日为末伏。我国古代采用“干支历”，是用10个天干（甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸）与12个地支（子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥）相配而成的60组不同的名称来记年、月、日、时，循环使用。天文年历显示2022年7月16日初伏，7月26日中伏，8月15日末伏，8月24日出伏，“三伏”天共计40天。

这并不是说今年就一定要热40天，其实，气温的变化主要受地表热量收支的影响。夏至后的一段时间里，地面吸收的热量仍大于它所放出的热量，地面温度持续升高，这便是最热的时期。这段时间差不多对应小暑到处暑节气之间，因此造就了北半球“三伏天”的炎热。这之后，地面放出的热量大于地面吸收的热量，气温才逐渐降低。

The Minor Heat

On July 7th, 10:38, 2022(Beijing Time), the longitude of the Sun reaches 105 º, which marks the arrival of the eleventh solar term of Year 2022—Minor Heat. This is the beginning of the hottest time of the year. For Yangtze-Huaihe Region, the most important feature of this solar term is the ending of plum rain season and the beginning of canicular days.

Astronomical Forecast

Minor Heat——Great Heat

⊙

The Sun

✦

The Sun travels from Gemini to Cancer. Currently, solar activities are increasing. On the front surface of the Sun, there is several groups of sun spots, which can be observed with a telescope with a light filter device.

☽

The Moon

✦

On July 14th, 02:38, the Moon becomes full moon. The distance between it and the Earth is less than 360,000 kilometres. It is the largest full moon of the year. After sunset, the Moon rises from the south-eastern sky and shines all night.

☿

Mercury

✦

Mercury travels from Gemini to Cancer in prograde motion. It is at conjunction with the Sun at 4 o’clock on July 17th and cannot be seen. After the conjunction, it changes from a morning star to an evening star.

♀

Venus

✦

Venus travels in prograde motion from Taurus to Gemini. Its angular distance to the Sun continues decreasing. Before sunrise, it appears in the low eastern sky. Extremely bright Venus can be seen with the naked eye.

♂

Mars

✦

Mars travels in prograde motion from Pisces to Aries. It is at conjunction with the Moon on July 22nd and can be seen occulted by the Moon in North-eastern China, Japan and some regions in Russia.

♃

Jupiter

✦

Jupiter travels in prograde motion in Cetus. It rises at 11 pm and can be seen from midnight to dawn.

♄

Saturn

✦

Saturn travels in retrograde motion in Capricornus. It rises at 9 pm and can be observed until dawn.

轮值主编：蒋云

制作、编辑：王科超

英文版设计：朱曼清

（金陵中学）ZHU manqing